Valve operating mechanism



Dec. 10, 1935. H E, BLOMGREN 2,023,396

VALVE OPERATING MECHANiSM Original Filed Oct. 22, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

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VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM Original Filed Oct. 22, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 1 1E117 Zffilofigrezz,

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Patented Dec. 10, 1935 UNITED STATES VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM Henry E. Blomgren, Floral Park, N. Y., assignor of one-fourth to William D. McGurn, Rockville Centre, N. Y.

Original application October 22, 1932, Serial No. 639,055. Divided and this application August 23, 1933, Serial No. 686,464

5 Claims.

This application is a division of my copending application Serial 639,055, filed October 22, 1932, for Internal combustion engines.

The invention relates to valve actions and par- 5 ticularly to the operating connections between cams or eccentrics and valves proper, and has for an object to present a novel construction in such mechanisms. The invention is especially valuable in internal combustion motors. A spe- 10 cific purpose is to present a novel construction of rocker arms, their mounting and encasement, which is peculiarly valuable in overhead valve mechanisms.

A novel attainment is the construction of an 15 encased rocker arm assembly and mounting enabling rapid take down of the mechanism with reduced operations. It also enables rapid adjustment of the tapp-et without removing the casing, and without dismounting any parts whatever.

20 Another important purpose is to enable dismounting of any valve without disturbing its adjustments, and without disturbing the adjacent valves or their mechanism, casings, or mounting of parts.

25 A further important aim of the invention is to enable ready removal of the complete rocker arm unit assembly with casing complete by disengagement of a single bolt, so that these may be replaced without changing the adjustments previ- 30 ously made. This enables access to cylinders for replacement of piston, rings, or replacement or repair of many other parts with exceptional facility and a minimum of labor in reassembly. Perhaps one of the most important attainments of the invention is the extremely small size, lightness and cheapness of the rocker arm and housing assembly.

Additional objects, advantages and features of 40 invention, some of which are not specifically referred to, will appear from the construction, arrangement and combination of parts involved in the embodiment of the invention as set forth hereinafter and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a fragmentary view of an internal.

combustion motor.

Figure 2 is an end elevation of one set of cylinders of the motor. 50 Figure 3 is a cross section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detail elevation of a valve group as :o/iewed from the right of Figure 1, partly in secion. 55 Figure 5 is a detail section of the housing and rocker arm mounting and adjustment on the line 55 of Figure 3.

There is illustrated a motor l which may be of any usual construction in which valves are utilized capable of operation by rocker arms, and especially applicable to internal combustion motors in which reciprocating pistons are employed as elements of expansible chambers, and utilizing poppet valves. A cylinder II is shown, mounted on a transmission case 12 in which a cam shaft I3 is. revoluble, driven from the connecting rod l4 of a piston l5 reciprocable in the cylinder. The cylinder is headed at the outer end and this head [6 is formed with an inwardly faced valve seat I! on which there is arranged to 15 seat the poppet valve l8, the stem [9 of which is mounted in a guide or housing having a driving fit in the outer side of the port passage 2| in the head, this passage leading from the port nipple 22 (Figs. 2 and 4) formed integrally with the head I6 and opening laterally at right angles to the axis of the cylinder, in this instance. Two cylinders are joined at their heads in this particular motor, as at 23, with a passage forming permanent intercommunication between the 25 cylinders below the valves. Each cylinder has an identical single separate valve mounting and port formation so that one may control the inlet of the charge and the other the exhaust. The valve is concentric with the cylinder so that it may be relatively very large. In fact, the valve head is but little smaller than the bore of the cylinder, and the cylinder may be slightly swelled at the head as shown in order to afford good clearance around the valve. The bushing 20 is formed with an outer annular flange '24 upon which two valve springs 25 are seated. The valve stem is formed with a circumscribing groove 26 close to its extremity, forming a flange at the end of the stem, and a push head 21 is fitted on the stem 40 manually removable. It consists of a frusto-conical body having a rounded top face without interruption, a horizontal slot or channel 28 being formed radially in the lower small side thereof, this channel being T-shaped in cross section so that the narrow lower part of the slot may receive the narrow part of the valve stem formed by the bottom of the groove 26 and the lateral parts of the slot receive the flanged end of the v stem. This head 21 is set in a conically dished spring seat washer 29 the inner side of which is formed with an annular seat to receive the springs 25 and transmit the thrust thereof to the valve.

The head l6 of the cylinder is formed with an Cir annular rabbeted seats thereon around the bushing 20, the rabbet being of slightly greater diameter than the spring seat flange 24. Somewhat lower than this seat and extended horizontally from the side of the cylinder head there is an integral bracket flange 3| having a planiform upper side and apertured to receive a threaded mounting stud 32 of a rocker case base 33.

This case comprises a central vertical cylindrical guide 34 closed at its lower end and having the integral stud 32 extended downwardly therefrom and secured to the bracket 3| by suitable nuts. Opposite lateral extensions from this guide carry respectively an annular spring well 35 set on the rabbet seat 39, and a push-rod nipple 36 extended downwardly, this nipple being oblique to the horizontal sufiiciently to aline with a tappet guide to be referred to hereinafter. There is formed on the base 33 a ciroumscribing wall portion part of which forms a continuation of the well 35 and nipple 36, its upper edge being horizontal. Fitted snugly on this base there is a cover 31 having an offset flange to receive the upper edge portion of the base 33. Two upstanding parallel rocker guides and cap anchor plates 38 are provided on the base 33, either formed integral therewith or secured thereto. These are substantially in the form of parallel plates having central opposed vertical grooves 39 forming concentric segments of a common projected cylinder, the grooved portions being extended above the bodies of the plates and exteriorly threaded as bolt segments 38 slidably engaged through an aperture in a fiat central portion of the cover 31. A cover-retaining cap nut 4| is screwed thereon by which the cover is clamped in place. There is slidably engaged between the plates 38 a rocker lever 40, having flat portions which fit snugly between the plates for vertical rocking movement, and at its middle there is formed a ball 42 set loosely between the grooves 39 and carried in a spring-supported seat or socket bearing 43 slidable in the guide 34. The lower body of this seat 43 is in the form of an inverted cylindrical cup within which a helical spring 44 is set, resting upon the bottom of the guide 34, and pressing upward against the socket proper.

Set removably in the grooves 39 at the outer parts of the guides 38, there is a bushing nut 45 in which there is screwed a set or thrust screw 46 under which there is a top socket seat 41 fitted to the ball 42 and slidable in the grooves 39, pressed down by the screw 46. This socket may be integral with the screw 46 if desired. The bushing nut 45 is flanged at the outer end, so that the cap nut 4| clamps it upon the upper ends of the bolt segments 38 of the plates 38. In order to permit this and the clamping of the cover 3! also, a resilient washer or gasket 49 may be fitted around the bolt segments of the plates 39, and confined against the cover. The screw 46 is provided with a lock nut at its outer part and is adjusted to press the ball 42 against the spring supported socket 43 and hold respective arms of the rocker against respective operative connections with a minimum of play, as will be described.

The rocker is formed with an inner long arched arm 50 at the extremity of which a wiper 5| bears upon the top of the push head on the valve stem. At the opposite end the rocker is formed with a short arm 52 on which there is a socket 53 receiving the ball 54 of a push rod 55 the opposite end of which is also provided with a ball set in a suitable socket at the top of the tappet 56.

Bolted to the case |2 there is a cam housing 51 in which operate the cams 58, and the housing has radial tappet guide tubes 59 exteriorly threaded at their outer ends and having screwed thereon annular cap nuts 63 holding flanged case tubes 6| the outer plain ends of which are inserted slidably through similar caps screwed on the nipples 36. The rods 55 are inserted through the tubes 6| by which they are protected, and by which dust and dirt are excluded from the working parts of the mechanism. The tubes 6| and rods 55 are extended in angular relation to the tubes 59 as found necessary. 1

It should be noted that the casings for the rocker assemblies are extremely narrow and are otherwise small in all dimensions.

The screw 46 is screwedinward causing the top seat 41 to press the ball inward until, when 2 the tappet is resting on the low part of the cam, there will be no excessive lost motion between the parts, from the push head 21 to the cam 58. The high part of the cam will then operate through the tappet and pushrod to rock the rocker with a minimum of noise and produce full opening of the valve.

By loosening the nut on the stud 32 the complete rocker assembly and case may be lifted off, exposing the valve spring 25 and clearing the 3 top of the cylinder. The cap nut 69 will draw from the end of the case tube 6| and over the ball 54, and will be readily returned. If desired, a packing or cushion 62 may be introduced into the nuts as indicated in the upper nut 60 of 3 Figure 1, so as to make a tight joint in the casing elements.

The push head 2'! and washer 29 enable very easy emplacement and removal of the valve springs, as well as making for security and du- 40 rability of the spring seats and valve adjustments. By pressing the washer 29 downward on the springs, the head 21 may be slipped to one side and lifted away from the valve stem. By having the piston positioned so as to support the valve, 4 the latter may be prevented from dropping beyond reach in the cylinder. In case it is necessary to remove the valve the cylinder is unbolted from the case I2.

I claim: 5

1. In a valve gearing of the character described, a rocker assembly comprising a base case element, a removable cover thereon, spaced upstanding studs flxed on the base element and formed with reduced outer end portions exteriorly threaded to form segments of a bolt, said cover being apertured and receiving said reduced end portions therethrough, a retainer nut screwed thereon against the cover, a rocker fitted between the studs, a pivot member on the rocker, c a resilient bearing support therefor at the bot tom, a top bearing over said pivot member, and adjustable means to limit outward movement of the top bearing.

2. A quick-detachable encased rocker arm as- 6 sembly mounting for poppet valves comprising a case having a lower body and a separable cap, said body having a fastening for engagement with a support, a rocker arm lever mounted on the body, within the cap, said body having large 7 and small openings therefrom under respective ends of the rocker arm, the large opening being of a size to receive freely therethrough a valve stem and valve spring, a tubular wall projected from the body around said last named opening,

a motor having a poppet valve mounting provided With a surrounding seat to receive said tubular wall, and having a spring seat thereon within the first named seat around the valve mounting, a valve in said mounting, a spring on the last named seat engaged with the valve, a pushrod on the motor sidable through the small opening, and a support on the motor for the body.

3. The structure of claim 2 wherein the motor includes a pushrod case slidable through the small opening of the first case, and the said tubular wall has a step joint in the first named seat on the motor.

4. The structure of claim 2 in which the motor includes a tubular pushrod case surrounding the pushrod and slidably fitted in the small opening of the first named case, the tubular wall having a step joint engagement in the first named seat on the motor, the mounting means comprising a stud on the case having an axis parallel with the axis of the said first seat on the motor, and a bracket on the motor to receive the stud slidably under presentation of the encased rocker arm assembly to receive the valve and rocker parts and for engagement of the tubular wall with the second named seat on the motor.

5. The combination of a motor cylinder having a. spring-pressed poppet valve and pushrod thereon with the valve stem and rod exposed in a common direction, said cylinder having a bracket projected therefrom, and there being a case seat on the cylinder around the valve stem and spring, a rocker arm assembly comprising a case having a bottom stud insertable through the bracket and means to secure it thereon, a rocker pivoted within the case, having oppositely extended arms, an open projecting spring casing tube formed thereon having an open outer end positioned to aline with the said case seat, and adapted to receive slidably a valve stem and spring, one arm of the rocker extending over said spring casing tube, said case having a pushrod opening at the opposite end under the second arm of the rocker.

HENRY E. BLOMGREN. 

